기상 기후 강의 노트

해결

http://forum.wrfforum.com/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=347

WRF 매뉴얼 5-14의 Real Data Cases 를 읽어보라.

해결>>> SET input_from_file = T for each domain !!!!

Wrfchemi_는 d01 d02 모두 링크 되어 있음

&time_control

input_from_file                     = .true.,.true.,

/

&bdy_control

specified                           = .true., .true.,

nested                              = .false.,.false.,

/

&chem

chem_opt                            = 16,      16,

chemdt                              = 30,      30,

chem_conv_tr                        = 0,       0,

chem_in_opt                         = 1,       1,

have_bcs_chem                       = .true.,  .true.,

kemit                               = 1,

io_style_emissions                  = 2,

emiss_opt                           = 16,      16,

emiss_inpt_opt                      = 16,      16,

bio_emiss_opt                       = 0,       0,

bioemdt                             = 30,      30,

phot_opt                            = 0,       0,

photdt                              = 30,      30,

depo_fact                           = 0.25,    0.25

gas_bc_opt                          = 0,       0,

gas_ic_opt                          = 0,       0,

D01 에는 ffdas가 적용됨.

한반도 농도가 너무 낮다.  한자리수…

서쪽 bc 는 380 임

.

&time_control

input_from_file                     = .true.,.true.,

/

&bdy_control

specified                           = .true., .true.,

nested                              = .false.,.false.,

/

&chem

chem_opt                            = 16,      16,

chemdt                              = 30,      30,

chem_conv_tr                        = 0,       0,

chem_in_opt                         = 1,       1,

have_bcs_chem                       = .true.,  .false.,

kemit                               = 1,

io_style_emissions                  = 2,

emiss_opt                           = 16,      16,

emiss_inpt_opt                      = 16,      16,

bio_emiss_opt                       = 0,       0,

bioemdt                             = 30,      30,

phot_opt                            = 0,       0,

photdt                              = 30,      30,

depo_fact                           = 0.25,    0.25

gas_bc_opt                          = 0,       0,

gas_ic_opt                          = 0,       0,

해결

&time_control

input_from_file                     = .true.,.false.,

/

&bdy_control

specified                           = .true., .false.,

nested                              = .false.,.true.,

/

&chem

chem_opt                            = 16,      16,

chemdt                              = 30,      30,

chem_conv_tr                        = 0,       0,

chem_in_opt                         = 1,       1,

have_bcs_chem                       = .true.,  .false.,

kemit                               = 1,

io_style_emissions                  = 2,

emiss_opt                           = 16,      16,

emiss_inpt_opt                      = 16,      16,

bio_emiss_opt                       = 0,       0,

bioemdt                             = 30,      30,

phot_opt                            = 0,       0,

photdt                              = 30,      30,

depo_fact                           = 0.25,    0.25

gas_bc_opt                          = 0,       0,

gas_ic_opt                          = 0,       0,

Registry.EM_COMMON

Wrf391

# Variables from WPS

#

state    real   u_gc           igj      dyn_em      1        XZ    i1  "UU"     "x-wind component"    "m s-1"

state    real   v_gc           igj      dyn_em      1        YZ    i1  "VV"     "y-wind component"    "m s-1"

# lsm State Variables

state    real   VEGFRA           ij     misc        1         -     i024rhd=(interp_mask_field:lu_index,iswater)u=(copy_fcnm)   "VEGFRA"           "VEGETATION FRACTION" ""

# Velocities

#

# U Vel

state    real   u              ikjb     dyn_em      2         X     \

     i0rhusdf=(bdy_interp:dt)       "U"                      "x-wind component"   "m s-1"

state    real   ru             ikj     dyn_em      1         X      -        "MU_U"        "mu-coupled u"   "Pa m s-1"

registry.chem

# Additional variables for CO2 and GHG options

# The following variables are to run the VPRM model; The vegfra_vprm is for VPRM only and it's different than VEGFRA in wrfinput

state   real     -               i{ghgv}jf    vprm_in     -        -     -          -              "VPRM input fields"                  ""

state   real   vegfra_vprm       i{ghgv}jf    vprm_in     1        -     i{15}rh  "VEGFRA_VPRM"    " " " "

state   real   evi               i{ghgv}jf    vprm_in     1        -     i{15}rh  "EVI"            " " " "

state   real   evi_min           i{ghgv}jf    vprm_in     1        -     i{15}rh  "EVI_MIN"         " " " "

state   real   evi_max           i{ghgv}jf    vprm_in     1        -     i{15}rh  "EVI_MAX"         " " " "

state   real   lswi              i{ghgv}jf    vprm_in     1        -     i{15}rh  "LSWI"           " " " "

state   real   lswi_max          i{ghgv}jf    vprm_in     1        -     i{15}rh  "LSWI_MAX"        " " " "

state   real   lswi_min          i{ghgv}jf    vprm_in     1        -     i{15}rh  "LSWI_MIN"        " " " "

1) Set up the analysis nudging fdda namelist. Carefully read test/em_real/README.namelist file to understand the meaning of each namelist variable in the FDDA section, which is also listed below:

Since analysis nudging works for multiple domains within the same job, some of the namelist variables are defined in multiple columns, so that the user can choose a specific domain to apply analysis nudging. The following is an example that involves three domains in the same job, using 3D analysis nudging:

&fdda

grid_fdda =       1, 1, 1,

gfdda_inname =       "wrffdda_d",

gfdda_end_h =        24, 24, 24,

gfdda_interval_m =       360, 360, 360,

fgdt =        0, 0, 0,

if_no_pbl_nudging_uv =       0, 0, 0,

if_no_pbl_nudging_t =       1, 1, 1, 

if_no_pbl_nudging_q =       1, 1, 1, 

if_zfac_uv =       1, 1, 1, 

k_zfac_uv =       10, 10, 10, 

if_zfac_t =       0, 0, 0, 

k_zfac_t =       10, 10, 10, 

if_zfac_q =       0, 0, 0, 

k_zfac_q       10, 10, 10, 

guv =       0.0003, 0.0003, 0.0003, 

gt =       0.0003, 0.0003, 0.0003, 

gq =       0.0003, 0.0003, 0.0003, 

if_ramping =       1,

dtramp_min =       60.0, 

io_form_gfdda =       2, 

/

2) Run real using the above namelist which is also used in WRF in the next step. When namelist variables grid_fdda, gfdda_end_h, and gfdda_interval_m are properly set, run real.exe to create FDDA input files (e.g., wrffdda_d01, wrffdda_d02, etc. if max_dom > 1). This example indicates that Real will create analysis files for all three domains (if max_dom = 3), and the format of the FDDA file is in NETCDF (i.e., io_form_gfdda = 2). The last analysis time is 24 hours, and the analysis interval is 6 hours. The rest of the namelist variables are not required for program Real.

3) Run WRF after the above namelist has been defined properly. For example, the above namelist indicates that analysis nudging is turned on for all three domains, with identical nudging coefficients for u, v, theta, and q for all three domains, but within the PBL the analysis nudging for temperature and moisture fields are turned off for all three domains. Note that nudging for each variable is controlled by the nudging coefficient value. It is not recommended that nudging after a pre-forecast period be abruptly turned off since this can create noise, so the example also indicates that analysis nudging is ramped down for a period of 60 minutes, starting from hour 24 and ending at hour 25. Analysis nudging is completely turned off at hour 25. The example further indicates that analsyis nudging for wind is turned off with the 'zfac' option within the lowest 10 model layers for all three domains, regardless of the if_no_pbl_nudging_uv switch. If both zfac and if_no_pbl_nudging_uv are turned on, nudging will be set to zero through at least the lowest 10 vertical layers, and higher if the PBL height is larger than the height of the 10th model layer above the surface.

The equations and further details of analysis nudging can be found in Stauffer and Seaman (1990) and Stauffer et al. (1991). The latter paper introduces surface analysis nudging, which can take advantage of higher temporal resolution gridded surface analyses (e.g., hourly or 3-hourly) than the 3D analyses (e.g., 6-hourly or 12-hourly), and the former are applied within the model diagnosed PBL. This separate capability for higher temporal resolution surface analysis nudging will be avaialable in a future release of WRF. Some typical applications of analysis nudging as part of a muti-scale FDDA strategy, including observation nudging, can be found in Stauffer and Seaman (1994), Seaman et al. (1995), Stauffer et al. (2000), Tanrilulu et al. (2000), Otte et al. (2001), Leidner et al. (2001), Deng et al. (2004), Deng and Stauffer (2006), and many others.

REFERENCES:

Deng, A. N. L. Seaman, G. K. Hunter, and D. R. Stauffer, 2004: Evaluation of inter-regional transport using the MM5/SCIPUFF system. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 1864-1886.

Deng, A., and D. R. Stauffer, 2006: On improving 4-km mesoscale model simulations. J. Appl. Meteor. and Climat., 45, 361-381.

Leidner, S. M., D. R. Stauffer, and N. L. Seaman, 2001: Improving California coastal zone numerical weather prediction by dynamic initialization of the marine layer. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 275-294.

Otte, T. L., N. L. Seaman, and D. R. Stauffer, 2001: A heuristic study on the importance of anisotropic error distributions in data assimilation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 766-783.

Seaman, N. L, D. R. Stauffer, and A. M. Lario-Gibbs, 1995: A multi-scale four-dimensional data assimilation system applied in the San Joaquin Valley during SARMAP: Part I: Modeling design and basic performance characteristics. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 1739-1761.

Stauffer, D. R., and N. L. Seaman, 1990: Use of four-dimensional data assimilation in a limited-area mesoscale model. Part I: Experiments with synoptic-scale data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1250-1277.

Stauffer, D. R., N. L. Seaman, and F. S. Binkowski, 1991: Use of four-dimensional data assimilation in a limited-area mesoscale model. Part II: Effects of data ssimilation within the planetary boundary layer. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 734-754.

Stauffer, D. R., and N. L. Seaman, 1994: On multi-scale four-dimensional data assimilation. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 416-434. 

Tanrikulu, S., D. R. Stauffer, N. L. Seaman, and A. J. Ranzieri, 2000: A field-coherence technique for meteorological field-program design for air-quality studies. Part II: Evaluation in the San Joaquin Valley. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 317-334.

1. 먼저, surface와 upper OBS 데이터를 합친다. 3시간 간격으로

cat ./surface/SURFACE_OBS:2016050100 ./upper/OBS:2016050100 > ./OBS:2016-05-01_00

cat ./surface/SURFACE_OBS:2016050106 ./upper/OBS:2016050106 > ./OBS:2016-05-01_06

cat ./surface/SURFACE_OBS:2016050112 ./upper/OBS:2016050112 > ./OBS:2016-05-01_12

cat ./surface/SURFACE_OBS:2016050118 ./upper/OBS:2016050118 > ./OBS:2016-05-01_18

cat ./surface/SURFACE_OBS:2016050200 ./upper/OBS:2016050200 > ./OBS:2016-05-02_00

cat ./surface/SURFACE_OBS:2016050206 ./upper/OBS:2016050206 > ./OBS:2016-05-02_06

cat ./surface/SURFACE_OBS:2016050212 ./upper/OBS:2016050212 > ./OBS:2016-05-02_12

cat ./surface/SURFACE_OBS:2016050218 ./upper/OBS:2016050218 > ./OBS:2016-05-02_18

$ cd /data1/chpark/little_R/2010.calnex

$ ./concat

 This script combine surface and upper observation to one file for each 6-h obs data

1. Confirm all OBS: 05-13 to 06-17.

1. $ cd ~/OBSGRID

1. 위에서 작성된 3시간 간격 데이터를 또 하나로 합친다.

1. $ edit namelist.oa

(1) namelist.oa 내에서 /data1/chpark/little_R/2010.calnex/OBS 설정해 줘야 된다.

(2) Change data and time frame

(3) domain 3에 대해서만.

1. $ ln -sf WPS/met_em.d03* .

1. ./obsgrid.exe

*** 주의: OBS_DOMAIN3XX  에서 100개가 넘어가면, running은 하지만, OBS_DOMAIN 이 작성되지 않는다. 따라서 약 12일씩 끊어서 돌려야.

1. ./concat_all script 를 사용해서, OBS_DOMAIN301 한 파일로 통합한다.

1. ./em_real 에 OBS_DOMAIN301 을 copy 해 두면, namelist.input 에서 obs nudging option에 따라 불러온다.

Feng's wrfchemi_d03 

1. 단위: (mol km^-2 hr^-1)/10**4
2. 토/일은 morning rush hour peaks 가 없다.
3. 문제점: 요일이 안 맞다.

시작을 2011년 5월 1일 (일) 로 설정. 사실 2010년 5월1 (월) 로 해야 함.

Vulcan wrfinput_d03 (plus 3day 1hr)

1. Feng's emission과 비교하면서, Vulcan 의 토/일 피크를 찾음.

일요일: 오전 피크 없음.

토요일: 이른 아침 작은 피크 (금요일 야간 활동 영향)

1. 단위: (kgCO2/m^2/s)/10**-6
2. 문제점.

시작을 2010년 5월 13일 (목) 으로 설정했으나, 요일이 맞지 않다.  ==> 재작업!!!

아래는 vulcan 에서 3day 1hr 를 더한 경우 .

With Feng's Hestia emission data

1. Hestia E_CO2 (Unit: mol km^-2 hr^-1)/10**4)

LA 도심: 4-13

항구 근처: 6-7

SE 포인트 근처: 0-1

1. Original Hestia from Gerney (Unit: KgC km^-2 hr^-1)

• 관측데이터 획득

http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds351.0    : upper air BUFR format

                                                     /ds461.0   : sfc BUFR format

                                                     /ds608.0   : NARR

Saved at

~/data/little_R/upper/OBS:*

                           /surface/SURFCAE_OBS:*

• Concat_upper.sfc script 파일로 파일 합치고, 이름 바꾸기

$ cat .upper/OBS_   ./surface/SURFACE_OBS    > ./OBS_ 

• ./obsgrid.exe 실행하면,

Plotobs_out_d0X

Qc_obs_raw.

Qc_obs_used

Metoa_em.                                    : 초기장이 met_em 에서 바뀜

OBS_DOMAIN330                         : 매 1-hr 마다 output 바뀜

Wrfsfdda_d03                           : 요건 하나만 나오고, 6hr 마다 바뀜  ==> version 3.1 이상에서 사용 가능 wrfsfdda     

등등이 나온다

• OBS_DOMAIN3XX   등은 concat_OBS_DOOMAIN  으로 합치고 real.exe 를 진행한다.

자료

1. Goes SST

6 km (0.05 x 0.05 도) ; 1, 3, 24 h 자료 있음.

http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/GOES_L3_SST_6km_NRT_SST_24HOUR

1. RTG SST

0.083 도 약 8~9 km. 6시간 간격

ftp://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/history/sst/ophi

1. OISST version 2 AVHRR SST

Daily SST data (0.25 x 0.25 도); 24시간 간격

https://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/SOURCES/.NOAA/.NCDC/.OISST/.version2/.AVHRR/.sst/

https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/thredds/oisst-catalog.html

방법

1. Download the SST file from

ftp://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/history/sst/ophi

1. Unzip rtg_sst_grb_hr_0.083.200808.gz

1. Do geogrid.exe

Edit namelist.wps

$ ./geogrid.exe

1. Do ungrib.exe  for NARR_3D and NARR_SFC

Edit namelist.wps

$ ln -sf ./ungrib/Variable_Tables/Vtable.NARR ./Vtable

$ ./link_grib.csh NARR_3D

GRIBFILE 확인

$ ./ungrib.exe

Edit namelist.wps

$ ./link_grib.csh NARR_SFC

GRIBFILE 확인

$ ./ungrib.exe

1. Do ungrib.exe for SST

Edit namelist.wps

$ ln -sf ./ungrib/Variable_Tables/Vtable.SST ./Vtable

$ ./link_grib.sh SST

GRIBFILE 확인  *******중요

$ ./ungrib.exe

1. Do metgrid.exe

Edit namelist.wps

Fg_name = 'NARR_3D', 'NARR_SFC', 'SST'     ****** 이 3개를 한꺼번에 metgrid.exe 해야 됨.

1. Confirm that there is SST variable in met_em files.

1. > ./real.exe     실행후,  wrflowinp_d0X 파일 생성하는지 확인!

1. Edit namelist.input

Io_form_auxinput4     =  2

Auxinput4_inname     = "wrflowinp_d<domain>" (creadted by real.exe)

Auxinput4_interval     = 360,   360,   360,

http://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/DATA/NARR/index.html  ==> 요것만 참고하면 된다.

자료:

https://rda.ucar.edu/#!lfd?nb=y&b=proj&v=NCEP North American Regional Reanalysis

NARR Data

As the start and end dates are the same,

interval_seconds will be ignored.

NARR (North American Regional Reanalysis) data.

Type: GRIB1 data

Resolution:

Area - approx. 160E–20W ; 10N–80N ; at 32 km

Output frequency 3 hourly

29 pressure levels (1000-100hPa ; excluding surface)

Availability:

January 1979 to current

From NCAR/RDA site at: http://rda.ucar.edu/pub/narr/ (You must register -it is free- to access the data.)

Download the 3D, flx and sfc files for the date of interest. (Follow the links to this data from the left-hand panel on the above web site.)

The downloaded files will have the following file names:

merged_AWIP32.YYYYMMDDHH.3D

merged_AWIP32.YYYYMMDDHH.RS.flx

merged_AWIP32.YYYYMMDDHH.RS.sfc

Also download (you only need to do this once), the FIXED file. This file contains the fields, LANDSEA; SOILHGT; SOIL_CAT and VEGCAT. The date stamp in this file is 1979-11-08_00. (Follow the "NARR Fixed Fields" link from the left-hand panel on the above web site, and then download the "32km output GRIB file".)

Vtable: Vtable.NARR

Sample data (December 2006):

The data is available for the period 2006-02-05_12 to 2006-02-06_12 (data frequency is 3 hourly).

This is GRIB 1 data.

Notes on running UNGRIB for this data

1. Download data and place in directory ../DATA/NARR

2. Examine the GRIB files, (as an example we will look at a surface file, but also examine the other files)

   ./util/g1print.exe ../DATA/NARR/merged_AWIP32.2006020512.RS.sfc

3. ln -sf ungrib/Variable_Tables/Vtable.NARR Vtable

4a. ./link_grib.csh ../DATA/NARR/rr-fixed.grb

5a. Edit namelist.wps

    start_date = '1979-11-08_00:00:00',

    end_date = '1979-11-08_00:00:00',

    interval_seconds = 10800,

    prefix = 'NARRFIX',

6a. ./ungrib.exe >& ungrib_data.log

4b. ./link_grib.csh ../DATA/NARR/merged_AWIP32.200602

      The above command will link in all the 3D, flx and sfc data files for the time of interest,

      so that we can work with them as a single dataset.

5b. Edit namelist.wps

    start_date = '2006-02-05_12:00:00',

    end_date = '2006-02-06_12:00:00',

    interval_seconds = 10800,

    prefix = 'NARR',

6b. ./ungrib.exe >& ungrib_data.log

7. Examine the intermediate files, e.g.,

   ./util/rd_intermediate.exe NARRFIX:1979-11-08_00

   ./util/plotfmt.exe NARRFIX:1979-11-08_00 ; idt gmeta

Notes on running METGRID for this data

Since we have change the 'prefix', in the namelist, ensure that you set 'fg_name' correct before running metgrid.exe

fg_name = 'NARR'

We also have some constant fields we need to input into the met_em* files. To do this ADD, the following line to the metgrid section of the namelist:

constants_name = './NARRFIX:1979-11-08_00'

Pasted from <http://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/DATA/NARR/index.html>

1. 체크할 사항

Met_em. 파일에 num_metgrid_soil_level = 4 인지 확인할 것.

https://hyunmin1906.tistory.com/26